有用科技小编2026/10/13
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阅读13分钟打印机打印乱码又一直打印不停，先停掉 Print Spooler 服务、清空 C:\Windows\System32\spool\PRINTERS 里的 .spl 和 .shd 文件，让还在往外吐的任务一次性停下；再用一张测试页把问题分层，依次核对端口、驱动型号和 USB 线路，最后按驱动层、端口层、系统层各做一次重置兜底。
多数乱码是打印队列残留、端口勾错、驱动型号不匹配或线材接触不稳造成的，打印机硬件本身大多没坏，不必急着重装系统或送修。以下方法在 Windows 10/11 实测可用。
适用系统：Windows 10/11；最后更新：2026-10-13。
打印乱码还停不下来，先看是哪一层出的问题
典型场景是文档打出来变成一整页符号串，打印机还在继续往外吐纸，点「取消所有文档」也停不下来。下面是几种常见表现，你可以先对一下自己属于哪一类。
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乱码的来源就几层：队列残留、端口勾错、驱动型号不匹配、USB 线或接口接触不良。先判断是哪一层，再对症处理，能省掉反复重装驱动的功夫。
方法1 先止损，停打印服务清空 spool 队列
乱打停不下来时，先掐断打印队列，把还在往外吐的任务一次性清掉。Print Spooler 服务停住，打印机就收不到新数据，纸也会跟着停。
操作步骤
- 按 Win+R 打开运行框，输入 services.msc 回车，在列表里找到 Print Spooler 服务，右键点停止；或者以管理员身份打开命令提示符，执行 net stop spooler
- 打开文件夹 C:\Windows\System32\spool\PRINTERS，删掉里面所有 .spl 和 .shd 文件。删不掉，说明服务没停干净，回到上一步再停一次
- 回到服务面板把 Print Spooler 点启动，或执行 net start spooler，积压的任务会随服务重启一次性清空
- 如果打印机仍在出纸，直接关掉打印机电源，等队列清完再开机
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顺序是停服务、清文件、再启动服务，中间这步别跳，服务没停文件是删不掉的。队列清空后再去查乱码原因，打印才不会再自己启动。
方法2 打一张测试页，判断乱码出在哪一层
一张测试页就能把问题分层。测试页干净正常，说明是文档字体或软件编码的问题；测试页也是乱码，问题就落在驱动或端口这一层，按后面的方法继续查。
操作步骤
- 控制面板 → 设备和打印机 → 右键这台打印机 → 打印机属性 → 常规 → 打印测试页
- 测试页干净正常：把原文档另存为 PDF 再打一份对比，重点查字体缺失、软件编码、打印设置里的图形选项
- 测试页也是乱码：说明问题在驱动或端口，继续按方法3、方法4往下查
- 顺手记一条：是所有文档都乱，还是只有某个文档乱，这决定后面往哪条线查
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测试页是后面所有排查的分岔口，结果先记下来，再决定动驱动还是动文档设置。
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方法3 核对端口，别错勾 WSD 或旧机型端口
端口勾错，驱动会把数据发到错误的地方，打出来就是满页乱码。同一台电脑换过打印机、装过网络版本之后，端口列表里常留着几个没用的旧条目。
操作步骤
- 打印机属性 → 端口，看当前勾选的端口是不是这台机器真正在用的那个
- USB 直连一般是 USB001 或 USB002；网络打印机是带 IP 地址的 Standard TCP/IP Port
- 别错勾 WSD 端口，也别勾以前别的机型留下的旧端口，取消勾选后重新勾回正确端口再点应用
- 网络机可以先用 ping 打印机 IP 确认链路通不通，端口里的 IP 对不上，就在端口列表里新建标准 TCP/IP 端口
改完端口先点应用，再打一张测试页看乱码有没有变化。WSD 端口在部分老机型上会反复抽风，能改成 TCP/IP 端口就改掉。
方法4 核对驱动型号，装错型号必乱码
同一系列不同机型的驱动混装，或者旧版驱动没卸干净就直接覆盖安装，渲染出来直接是乱码。核对型号再装，能少走一次弯路。
操作步骤
- 设备管理器 → 打印机队列 → 右键打印机 → 属性 → 高级 → 新驱动程序，看当前驱动是不是本机对应的型号
- 发现是别的机型或通用包：先在「打印机属性 → 高级」里卸载，或到「打印服务器属性 → 驱动程序」把整条驱动删掉
- 从官网按具体型号下载对应驱动重新安装，不要用来路不明、不匹配本机型号的通用驱动包
- 装完再打一次测试页确认，仍然乱，就转去查端口或线路
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装错型号最常见的表现是测试页也乱、所有文档都乱，跟端口问题很像，所以型号一定要对着机身铭牌或标签看，别凭印象选。
方法5 排除 USB 线与接口，直插机箱后置口
延长线、USB 切换器、前置面板口供电和信号不稳，传输过程中丢数据，最后打出来就是乱码。这一步成本最低，先换线换口再考虑重装驱动。
操作步骤
- USB 线直插机箱后置 USB 口，前置面板、延长线、USB 切换器、共享器全部去掉
- 换一根确认可用的 USB 线再打测试页，线材老化、接触不良同样会乱码
- 网络打印机换网线、换交换机端口，排除链路丢包
- 条件允许，换一台电脑接同一台打印机，能区分是打印机的问题还是这台电脑的问题
换接口后如果乱码消失，说明问题在线路，不用再动驱动设置。
方法6 兜底重置：驱动层、端口层、系统层各做一次
前面几层都查过仍然乱码，就在驱动层、端口层、系统层各做一次彻底重置，把残留配置清干净，比零散改设置更有效。
操作步骤
- 设备和打印机里删掉这台打印机，再到「打印服务器属性 → 驱动程序」删掉对应驱动条目
- 重启电脑后重新添加打印机：USB 机让系统自动识别重装，网络机用 IP 新建标准 TCP/IP 端口
- 再清一次 C:\Windows\System32\spool\PRINTERS 残留，重启 Print Spooler 服务
- 以上做完仍乱码，考虑打印机固件与主板问题：恢复出厂设置、更新固件，或联系厂商检修
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三层重置做完还不正常，才轮到硬件层面的判断。有重要文件的打印机，检修前先把排队文档备份出来，避免重装时丢件。
常见问题
打印机打印乱码且一直打印不停，取消任务也没用怎么办？
取消按钮这时候通常已经失效，任务卡在队列里了。按方法1停掉 Print Spooler 服务，清空 C:\Windows\System32\spool\PRINTERS 里的 .spl 和 .shd 文件，再启动服务，队列会一次性清干净。
打印机打印乱码但打印测试页正常，是驱动的问题吗？
不是驱动的问题。测试页正常说明驱动到打印机这一段是通的，乱码出在文档本身，重点查字体缺失、软件编码和打印设置里的图形选项，把文档另存为 PDF 再打一份对比就能确认。
添加网络打印机后出错 0x0000011b，打印出来还是乱码怎么处理？
0x0000011b 一般是共享打印的身份验证导致的。在打印服务器上检查共享设置和凭据，用 IP 新建标准 TCP/IP 端口直连，绕开共享链路，乱码通常会同时消失。
打印机端口勾的是 WSD 还是 USB001，勾错端口会导致乱码吗？
会。端口勾错，数据发到了错误的目标上，出来就是乱码。USB 直连用 USB001 或 USB002，网络机用带 IP 的 Standard TCP/IP Port，别勾 WSD 或旧机型留下的端口。
换了好几根 USB 线、直插后置口还是乱码，是不是打印机本身坏了？
先别下结论。线材排除了，就按方法6把驱动层、端口层、系统层各重置一次，仍有乱码再做恢复出厂设置或更新固件，最后才考虑送修。
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